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- ACCESSING AN IBM MAINFRAME FROM YOUR COMMODORE
-
-
- About a year ago, the IBM mainframe shop I work at added facilities for
- remote access, so we Systems Programmers could respond to problems off-shift,
- without the delay required for us to physically arrive on-site. While they
- provided IBM 3151 terminals and 1200 bps modems for that purpose, I chose not
- to take one, and to use my C128 instead. While this file is intended for 128
- owners, 64 owners can also successfully use these techniques, though they'll
- need a different program to do so.
-
- IBM mainframe computers don't use ASCII. Instead they use their own
- encoding scheme, called EBCDIC. Nobody knows why. In order to support ASCII
- terminals, a "protocol converter" is used. This is a piece of hardware that
- converts the mainframe's synchronous EBCDIC protocol to the asynchronous ASCII
- you'll be using, and visa-versa.
- The protocol converter that I'm familiar with is the 3708. It's the
- standard device at this time. It supports a wide variety of ASCII terminals.
- It does not support the Commodore 128, but don't worry. The 128 isn't a
- terminal, it's a computer, and that gives you a freedom not found on any dumb
- terminal.
- The first thing you need to do is determine which terminals are supported
- by the 3708 you'll be dialing into, in particular, whether it supports the DEC
- VT-100. This is one of the most popular ASCII terminals. I've never heard of
- a 3708 that wasn't configured to support the VT-100, but do make sure.
- While you're talking to the communications people at the mainframe end,
- there are two more things you'll need. First you'll need to know the
- "communications parameters" they use. This consists of three pieces of
- information: The number of data bits, the parity, and the number of stop
- bits. At my shop, we use 7 data bits, Even parity, and 1 stop bit, but
- this is by no means universal. The other thing you'll need from them is a
- terminal keyboard map for a VT-100. This can be found in the appendices of
- the 3708 manual. You need this to know what keystrokes are required to
- emulate the 327x PF keys, and other keys that aren't on your Commodore. If you
- want to impress these communications people, be sure to refer to the
- transmission speed in "bps" (bits per second), not "baud." (The numbers are
- the same.) They like that sort of thing. Nobody knows why.
- If the 3708 does support VT-100, you must now find a way to make your
- Commodore behave like a VT-100. The program to do this is called a "terminal
- emulator." A very nice VT-100 emulator for the 128 can be found in two pieces
- in LIB 14 of CBMCOM. The first part, VT100D.SDA, contains the documentation,
- and the second, VT100P.SDA, contains the program files. If new versions are
- released, these names may change, so you'll want to check with the Sysops
- to be sure you get the most current versions. Assuming there have been no
- changes, just download the two files as PRG files, and RUN them in 128 mode.
- They'll automatically "dissolve" into their component parts. Read the
- documentation.
- Now, find the paper where you wrote down the "communications parameters,"
- and configure your terminal emulator for those parameters. 3708s are as
- touchy about these parameters as communications people are about baud and bps.
- With all this set up, you can now dial your remote access number. When you
- get a CONNECT, hit RETURN, and you should see the first menu, where you
- get to choose what type of terminal you're using. Pick the choice for VT-100,
- and you should be on your way.
- Note that if you use a remote access security package, you may have to go
- thru some extra steps somewhere along the line. The security package we use
- requires entering a special access code before selecting the terminal type.
- You'll have to get that information from your communications or security
- people.
- When you do get connected, be aware you'll run into one problem. It's
- not unique to the VT-100 emulator you're using, or to Commodore. I've used
- a VT-100 emulator on a portable IBM clone that displayed the exact same
- annoying characteristic. If the very last character of the very last line
- isn't a blank, your screen will scroll up one line. The mainframe doesn't
- know that this happened, so the line it thinks you're working on isn't the
- one you think. As long as you're aware of the problem, you can work around
- it, by doing whatever you have to do to get a fresh screen. If you're using
- ISPF, PF2 on the top line, to force a screen split, then repeat, to get back
- to your original screen.
- Another annoyance that's not unique to you is transmission speed. If you're
- used to a locally-connected 327x device, 1200 (or even 2400) bps is going to
- be maddeningly slow. You can help matters, though. The 3708 will only send
- you those portions of the screen that have changed. Again, if you're using
- ISPF, you can split the screen to the very minimum you need to do your work.
- By keeping the working screen size down, you'll minimize the amount of
- changed data that you must receive.
- Once you've got this all working, you too can grin that special grin that
- comes when someone asks you what kind of PC you use to access the system,
- and you can tell them, "Commodore." It's best to say it in a very flat voice,
- with a very deadpan expression, as though this is the most natural thing in
- the world. You know why.
-
-
-
- Ed Flinn
- 12/12/89
-